血清GLD和(ALT+AST)/GLD比值对肝病诊断的临床探讨(一)
详细内容
【摘要】 目的:探讨谷氨酸脱氢酶(GLD)和(ALT+AST)/GLD比值在肝细胞损伤疾病患者鉴别诊断中的应用价值。方法:收集53例健康者和166例不同肝病患者的血清标本,按临床诊断分为7组,在日立7600-020型全自动生化分析仪上同时测定GLD活性和(ALT+AST)/GLD比值。结果:不同肝病患者血清中GLD活性均高于健康者,其中在急性缺血性肝炎和急性中毒性肝坏死时GLD升高幅度最大,与正常对照组差异有显著性(P<0.01),其阳性率均可达100%。急性病毒性肝炎的(ALT+AST)/GLD比值为68.3,较其他各疾病组显著升高,而急性缺血性肝炎、急性中毒性肝坏死和原发性肝癌患者(ALT+AST)/GLD比值分别为4.5、4.2和5.5,不增高。结论:检测GLD活性和(ALT+AST)/GLD比值对各种肝病的鉴别诊断、疗效观察及预后判断有着独特的临床应用价值。
【关键词】 谷氨酸脱氢酶;肝损伤;鉴别诊断
Determination of Serum Glutamate Dehydrogenase and (ALT+AST)/GLD for the Differential Diagnosis of Liver Disease Patients
Abstract: Objective To study the value of the determination of glutamate dehydrogenase and (ALT+AST)/GLD in the differential diagnosis of liver diseases patients. Methods Sera of 53 healthy controls and 156 patients with different liver diseases. Which divided into seven groups by the clinical diagnosis, were collected and GLD and (ALT+AST)/GLD were detected simultaneously by HITACHI?7600 biochemical analyzer. Results The results of GLD in sera of different liver diseases were higher than those of the healthy controls. And GLD lever as the highest in acute ischemic hepatitis and acute toxic liver necrosis. And had significant difference from healthy controls(P<0.01).In acute ischemic hepatitis and acute toxic liver necrosis, the positive rates were 100%. (ALT+AST)/GLD of acute viral hepatitis was 71.3, much higher than other liver diseases. (ALT+AST)/GLD of acute ischemic hepatitis, acute toxic liver necrosis and liver cancer were separately 4.5, 3.2 and 5.1, not rising. Conclusion The determination of serum glutamate dehydrogenase and (ALT+AST)/GLD is great significance for the different diagnosis of hepatic diseases, specially the hepatogenic and necrotic hepatopathy.
Key words: Glutamate dehydrogenase; Hepatic injury; Diagnosis
谷氨酸脱氢酶(GLD)是一种线粒体酶,存在于所有组织内,在肝脏中含量最高,大约是心肌中浓度的17倍,骨骼肌的80倍〔1〕。当肝细胞受损并累及线粒体时血清GLD明显升高,可作为肝脏损伤严重程度及急性肝坏死的判断指标。相比ALT与AST而言,GLD的另一鉴别诊断意义在于它主要位于肝小叶中心的肝细胞内,很少的GLD位于门静脉周围的肝细胞内,因此相对较大增加的GLD就提示肝小叶中心部位发生病变。连同氨转移酶,GLD具有鉴别诊断的重要性〔2〕。为了解GLD与(ALT+AST)/GLD比值对肝病的诊断价值,本文利用全自动生化分析仪对各种肝病患者及健康体检者进行了GLD与(ALT+AST)/GLD比值测定,探讨其对不同肝病的诊断意义。
1 材料与方法
1.1 材料
采用日本HITACHI7600-020全自动生化分析仪;GLD试剂盒批号:GL442;ALT试剂盒批号:061446;AST试剂盒批号:067723;质控品批号:301UN/3均由英国RANDOX公司提供。
1.2 研究对象
健康对照组为53例各项理化指标正常的体检者;疾病组166例,均系常德市第一人民医院各科确诊的住院患者,其中急性病毒性肝炎31例,慢性活动性肝炎35例,肝硬化28例,胆汁淤积性肝病25例,急性缺血性肝炎15例,急性中毒性肝坏死10例,原发性肝癌22例。
1.3 测定方法
ALT、AST和GLD均采用速率法双试剂双波长连续监测吸光度值的变化。
1.4 统计学处理
各组资料用±s表示,均数差异显著性检验用t检验,P0.05为差异有显著性,P0.01为差异有极显著性。
2 结果
2.1 参考范围的确定
对182例健康者血清进行了GLDH检测其结果呈正偏态分布,以百分位值统计法,单侧95%水平确定参考范围为0 μ/L~9 μ/L,与参考文献报道基本一致〔3〕。
2.2 健康组和各疾病组各项指标检测值及相关性检验分析 见表1。表1 健康组及各疾病组各项指标检测值(。略)注:与急性病毒性肝炎比较*P<0.01;与慢性活动性肝炎比较+P<0.01;与胆汁淤积性肝病比较△P<0.01;与健康对照组比较**P<0.01。