人参二醇促骨髓CD34+细胞增殖和分化的研究(一)
详细内容
作者:方桂伦 高瑞兰 林筱洁 金锦梅
【摘要】 本研究探讨人参二醇 (PDS) 对正常人骨髓CD34+细胞的促进增殖和诱导分化作用。用吸附单克隆抗体的免疫磁珠技术从正常人骨髓分离出CD34+ 细胞,采用琼脂半固体多向祖细胞集落(CFU?Mix)培养方法观察PDS对CD34+ 细胞的增殖作用;用液体培养使CD34+细胞增殖,并向红系、粒系定向生长,用流式细胞仪分析PDS诱导后细胞表面标记变化。结果显示:免疫磁珠分离CD34+ 细胞的获得率占骨髓有核细胞(MNC)的(1.0±0.15)%;活细胞比例占(95.6±1.2)%,CD34+ 细胞富集度达(86.8±2.8)%。 中浓度PDS (25 mg/L)能够有效地促进CD34+ 细胞增殖,生成CFU?Mix集落,提高率为(56.3±3.5)%,与对照相比较有显著差异(p0.01)。液体培养生成粒系、红系细胞的数量明显增高,与对照相比差异有显著性,提高率分别为(35.6±3.2)%和(22.3±2.1)%,与对照相比差异有显著性(p0.01),且呈剂量依赖性。经PDS诱导14天后,细胞表面分化标记明显增高,CD33+ 细胞在PDS 50 mg/L时最高,CD71+ 细胞在25 mg/L时最高,G?A+ 细胞在10 mg/L时最高,而CD15+ 细胞数量无明显变化。结论:PDS不但促进CD34+细胞增殖,且能诱导其定向分化,提示PDS具有类似造血生长因子和协同生长因子的效应。
【关键词】 人参二醇
Effects of Ginseng Panaxadiol Saponin on Proliferation and Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow CD34+ Cells
Abstract The study was purposed to investigate the effects of the panaxadiol saponin (PDS) from Ginseng on proliferation and differentiation of human CD34+ cells from human bone marrow. Highly purified CD34+ cells were isolated from human bone marrow by using the Dynal CD34 Cell Selection System (Dynal, Norway). The cells were exposed to PDS at various concentrations in both agar semi?solid culture of CFU?Mix and suspension culture of myeloid and erythroid cells in order to observe the effects of PDS on proliferation of CD34+ cells. The cells were marked with 4 kinds of monoclonal antibody in related with their differentiation toward to myeloid and erythroid lineages, then examined by flow cytometry (FACS) after being incubated with PDS for 14 days. The results showed that the number of CD34+ cells was 1.0±0.15% out of marrow nuclear cells after being purified by Dynal beads system. The enrichment of CD34+ cells reached to 86.8±2.8 %. The best efficiency in promoting proliferation of CD34+ cells in vitro was obtained when the concentration of PDS was 25 mg/L, the formation of CFU?Mix colonies significantly increased by 56.3±3.5% over those of no?PDS control (p0.01). The results from suspension culture revealed that myeloid cells elevated in a dose?dependent manner with a peak increasing rate of 35.6±3.2%, and erythroid cells significantly increased by 22.3±2.1% over those of no?PDS control (all p0.01). After incubation with PDS for 14 days, number of CD33+ cells increased in a dose?dependent manner with a peak increasing rate at 50 mg/L. CD71+ cells reaching the peak were at 25 mg/L, while G?A+ cells were increased by 7.2±1.3% (p0.01) at 10 mg/L, but the number of CD15+ cells was not found to be changed before and after treating with PDS. It is concluded that PDS not only enhance the proliferation of CD34+ cells, but also induce differentiation of CD34+ cells toward to myeloid and erythroid lineages. PDS may play the roles as like hematopoietic growth factor, or provide synergistic effects on growth factor in the regulation of hematopoiesis.
Key words panaxadiol saponin; CD34+ cell; cell proliferation; cell differentiation
J Exp Hematol 2007; 15(4):776-779
人参作为抗衰老、强壮剂和补气血药物已有千余年历史。有关人参的各种生物学效应和活性研究已有较多报道,我们已报道了人参总皂苷及其单体对造血方面的研究〔1-4〕,但有关人参二醇(panaxadiol saponin, PDS)对CD34+细胞的研究未见报道。本研究采用吸附单克隆抗体?免疫磁珠的方法从正常骨髓中分离获得CD34+ 细胞。用琼脂半固体培养观察PDS促进CD34+ 细胞形成多向祖细胞集落(CFU?Mix)的增殖活性;以液体培养和流式细胞术分析PDS对CD34+ 细胞的诱导分化效应,以确定PDS促进造血的有效性,为临床应用提供实验依据。
材料和方法
标本采集和CD34+ 细胞分离
取胸外科手术切除的肋骨(无血液系统疾病,骨髓象正常)。挤出骨髓液,用淋巴细胞分离液分离出有核细胞,计算骨髓有核细胞总数。CD34+ 细胞分离按照本室以前建立的方法进行〔5〕,采用吸附单克隆抗体―免疫磁珠分离系统(Dynal公司产品,挪威),将骨髓细胞液加入免疫磁珠中,置冰浴中作用30分钟。弃去未结合磁珠的细胞。重复洗涤已附有CD34+ 细胞的免疫磁珠3次,吸取脱磁珠溶液0.1 ml加入含CD34+ 细胞的试管中,混匀置37℃水浴15分钟。吸取分离缓冲液洗涤分离后的CD34+ 细胞悬液3次。计算CD34+ 细胞总数,用台盼蓝染色测定细胞活力,并用CD34单克隆抗体作细胞表面标记,流式细胞仪检测CD34+ 细胞纯度、数量和质量。
研究用药
PDS干燥粉剂由浙江中医药大学附属第一医院中药研究室提供, 纯度为78%,用IMDM配成1 g/L的工作液,正压过滤除菌(膜孔径0.2 μm), 4℃保存备用。
半固体集落培养CD34+细胞的刺激增殖试验
多向祖细胞(CFU?Mix)培养体系按本室已建立的方法配制,含25%胎牛血清、1%牛血清白蛋白、青霉素和链霉素各100 U/ml、10-6 mmol/L 2?巯基乙醇(2?ME)、10 ng/ml白介素?3(IL?3)、2 U/ml红细胞生成素(EPO)、40 ng/ml粒?单集落刺激因子(GM?CSF)、3 ng/ml干细胞生长因子(SCF)和0.3%琼脂。骨髓细胞接种的浓度为1×105/ml;CD34+ 细胞浓度为1×104/ml。PDS用IMDM培养液配成所需浓度的工作液,加入CFU?Mix培养体系中,终浓度分别为0、5、10、25、50、100和200 mg/L。充分混匀后加入24孔培养板,每孔0.5 ml (4个复孔)。置于37℃、5% CO2培育箱中培养14天,计数CFU?Mix集落,标准为每个集落至少含100个细胞,由3个系列的血细胞组成。
液体培养CD34+细胞的增殖和分化试验
按本室建立的方法:①粒系细胞培养体系含25%胎牛血清、1%牛血清白蛋白、100 U/ml双抗、10-6 mol/L 2?ME、3 ng/ml SCF、2 ng/ml IL?3、3 ng/ml IL?6、5ng/ml GM?CSF。②红系细胞培养体系含25%胎牛血清、1%牛血清白蛋白、100 U/ml双抗、10-6 mol/L 2?ME、3 ng/ml SCF、2 ng/ml IL?3、3 ng/ml IL?6、40 ng/ml EPO。每孔接种细胞数量均为2×104/ml。将培养板置于37℃、5% CO2培养箱中孵育14天,收集细胞,计数不同浓度PDS促进粒系、红系细胞增殖的提高率。③上述培养体系均加入不同浓度的PDS,终浓度分别为0、5、10、25、50和100 mg/L。
细胞分化的表面标志分析
CD34+细胞经上述方法培养14天后,选用针对粒系、红系细胞分化的单克隆抗体CD33+、CD15+、CD71+、G?A+(DAKO公司产品,美国)作细胞表面标记。收集培养后的粒系、红系细胞,经PBS洗涤后制成细胞悬液〔含(2-5)×105细胞〕,每组分别加单克隆抗体各5 μl,粒系细胞加CD33和CD15抗体,红系细胞加CD71和G?A抗体,同时加入IgG FITC或IgG PE作为流式细胞术检测的对照。将抗体与细胞在4℃孵育30分钟,洗去没有标记上的抗体,用双色流式细胞仪进行分析,每个样本分析104细胞。 分析软件为 Coulter 公司的产品, 型号是EPICSR XL。